While specifics of the revolt remain obscure today, the little that is known has been drawn from a few surviving texts and inscriptions, including the Rosetta Stone. The decree, nonetheless, chronicled his victory in the Nile Delta over a faction of native Egyptians who were violently rebelling against Hellenistic rule. Ptolemy V was no more than 14 when the decree was written. 205-180 B.C.) came to power as a child of six when his father, Ptolemy IV (r. It is sometimes forgotten that the Ptolemaic rulers were actually Greek. to celebrate Ptolemy V’s achievements and affirm the young king’s royal cult. These monuments were inscribed with the Third Memphis Decree, which was issued by Egyptian priests in Memphis in the year 196 B.C. The stone was once part of a series of carved stelas that were erected in locations throughout Egypt amid events of the Great Revolt (206–186 B.C.). While many people may be familiar with the basics of the Rosetta Stone, few perhaps know what the text says or understand the events that influenced the stela’s creation. The juxtaposition of the three passages, identical but for each having been written in a different script-Egyptian hieroglyphics, Egyptian Demotic, and Ancient Greek-would prove to be key to solving the puzzle of deciphering ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics. ![]() The carved gray granodiorite stela is strikingly elegant, but the stone’s significance lies more in its tripartite inscription than in its aesthetics. Shortly after it was uncovered by French Napoleonic troops in Egypt in 1799, it was seized by the British and transferred to the British Museum, where it has remained prominently on display for the past 200 years. ![]() The Rosetta Stone is, inarguably, one of the most famous archaeological artifacts in the world.
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